[目的] 揭示云南省南苜蓿根瘤菌的生理生化特性.[方法] 对分离自云南楚雄、昆明、德宏和禄丰4个地区的78株南苜蓿根瘤菌进行32项生理生化性状的测定和聚类分析.[结果] 32项性状中,20项性状为全同性状,另12项性状菌株间存在差异.84.6%的菌株能在含30 g/L NaCl的培养基上生长,其中5株菌能耐50 g/L的NaCl.所有菌株在酸性条件下不生长;在pH值为11以及在4和60 ℃处理下10 min均能生长;能在含300 μg/ml 氯霉素的培养基中生长;对卡那霉素耐受性差.聚类分析表明,在80%的相似性水平上,除3个菌株不聚群外,其他75株南苜蓿菌株分别聚在4个表观群中,说明相同地理来源的菌株存在着一定的表型差异.[结论] 该研究为南苜蓿根瘤菌优良菌株的筛选和接种菌剂的研究提供了理论依据.%[Objective] The study aimed to open out the physiological and biochemical characters of rhizobia isolated from nodules of Medicago polymorphar in Yunnan Province. [Method] 32 physiological and biochemical characters of 78 strains which isolated from nodules of annual legume species M. polymorphar in 4 regions including Chuxiang, Kunming, Dehong and Lufeng in Yunnan province were determined and their clustering analysis was made. [Result] Among 32 characters, 20 characters were wholly identical characters and other 12 characters showed the difference among the strains. 84.6 % strains had halotolerant ability and could grow on the medium with 30 g/L NaCl, in which, 5 strains could grow in the medium with 50 g/L NaCl. All the strains couldn't grew under the acidity condition, could grew under the condition of pH at 11 and the treatments of dealing with 4 and 60 ℃ for 10 min and could grew on the medium with 300 μg/ml chloramphenicol, but they had poor tolerance to the catalase. The clustering analysis showed that the tested strain except 3 strains were divided into 4 phenotypic groups at the similarity level of 80%,which indicated that the strains isolated from the same area had some diversity on phenotype features. [Conclusion] This study provided the theoretical basis for the screening of good strain from the rhizobia isolated from M. polymorphar and the research of inoculant agent.
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