[目的]研究了除草剂苄嘧磺隆对斑马鱼的急性毒性和遗传毒性的影响.[方法]通过急性毒性试验计算出半数致死浓度,进而分析该除草剂是否对水生生物存在潜在的毒害;并在急性毒性的基础上进行遗传毒性研究,通过计算微核率来判断除草剂苄嘧磺隆是否存在遗传毒害.[结果]24 h和48 h的半数致死浓度分别为0.698 ml/L和0.637 ml/L,安全浓度为0.159 ml/L.不同处理浓度和染毒时间对斑马鱼红细胞微核形成的影响试验表明,对照组红细胞微核细胞率为0.010 3%,处理组红细胞微核细胞率最高达0.372%,说明除草剂苄嘧磺隆对斑马鱼具有遗传毒性作用.同一检测时间,不同浓度处理组的红细胞微核细胞率与对照相比,具有剂量效应;在同一处理组,随着染毒时间的延长,红细胞微核率在24 h达到峰值,在48 h及72 h时下降.[结论]该研究为人们科学选择和合理利用除草剂提供依据.%[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide on acute toxicity and genetics toxicity of Danio rerio.[Method] Median lethal concentration was calculated by acute toxicity test, and analyzing the herbicide whether existing in potential toxicity to aquatic organisms or not. Based on the study of acute toxicity, genetics toxicity was carried out, by calculating the micronucleus rate to judge bensulfuron-methyl herbicide whether existing in potential toxicity or not. [Result] The LD _(50)(24 h and 48 h) of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide are 0.698 ml/L and 0.637ml/L respectively, the safe concentration was 0.159 ml/L. The results on the effects of micronucleus(MN)in erythrocytes of Danio rerio induced by bensulfuron-methyl at different times and different concentrations showed that the MN rate of control group was 0.010 3%, the highest MN rate of experimental group reached to 0.372%, it also indicated that bensulfuron-methyl herbicide had genetics toxicity to Danio rerio . At the same detection time, there was dose-effect relationship of MN rate in erythrocytes between treatment and control groups with different concentrations. In the same treatment group, the MN rate in erythrocytes reached to peak value at 24 h, and deceased at 48 h and 72 h with the infection time was prolonged. [Conclusion] The study provides some basis for scientifically selecting and reasonably using herbicide.
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