Characterization of blood flow and the effects of exogenous estradiol benzoate on residual follicles formed after ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration in cattle

Alberto Mansur Ghetti; Luiz Gustavo Bruno Siqueira; Eduardo Kenji Nunes Arashiro; Miller Pereira Palhao; Felipe Zandonadi Brandao; Joao Henrique Moreira Viana

摘要

Background:Removal of the follicular content by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVFA) may fail to induce immediate atresia and loss of function,resulting in the occurrence of residual follicles (RF).The aims of this study were to characterize the blood flow in RF and to determine the effects of the treatment with estradiol benzoate on RF fate.Lactating,cyclic Holstein-Gir crossbred cows were used.In Experiment 1,follicular wave emergence (D0) was synchronized in cows (n =10) and follicular growth was then monitored by transrectal ultrasonography from D0 to D8,followed by TVFA of the largest follicle present on the ovaries 24 h later.Color Doppler ultrasound imaging was used to examine blood flow on the follicular wall,which was recorded immediately before and every 12 h after TVFA,up to 72 h.In experiment 2,cows (n =22) were randomly allocated to receive either 2 mL of saline i.m.(Control group,n =11) or 2 mL estradiol benzoate i.m.(EB group,n =11) immediately after TVFA.Ovaries were scanned every 12 h to confirm the presence and to measure the diameter of RF.The contents of the RF,if present,were collected 72 h after the first TVFA,using the same aspiration procedures.Follicular fluid from original follicles and RF were stored at-20 ℃ until hormonal assays.Results:In Experiment 1,there was no reduction (P ＞ 0.05) of blood flow in the remaining follicle walls after TVFA and maximum blood flow values were observed at 49.5 ± 19.7 h post-TVFA.In Experiment 2,formation of RF after TVFA was proportionally similar between Controls (5/9) and EB (5/10) cows.Also,RF diameter did not differ between groups (P ＞ 0.05).Nonetheless,the content of RF from cows in the EB group had lower (P =0.0004)estradiol (E2) concentration and lower (P=0.0005) E2:P4 ratio compared with Controls.Conclusions:In conclusion,1) the persistence of vascularization in the remaining follicle wall may contribute to the formation of RF after follicle aspiration,and 2) the treatment with estradiol benzoate does not prevent formation of RF,but does reduce their estradiol production.

机译：背景：超声引导下经阴道卵泡抽吸术（TVFA）去除卵泡含量可能无法立即导致闭锁和功能丧失，从而导致残留卵泡（RF）的发生。本研究的目的是表征血流在RF中并测定苯甲酸雌二醇对RF命运的影响。使用了泌乳的，循环荷斯坦-吉尔杂交的奶牛。在实验1中，奶牛的卵泡波出现（D0）与n（10）和卵泡生长同步然后通过直肠超声检查从D0到D8，然后在24小时后进行卵巢上最大卵泡的TVFA监测。彩色多普勒超声成像检查卵泡壁上的血流，并在每12 h之前记录一次TVFA后长达72 h。在实验2中，随机分配2头母牛（n = 22）接受2 mL生理盐水im（对照组，n = 11）或2 mL雌二醇苯甲酸酯im（EB组，n = 11））之后立马TVFA。每12小时扫描一次卵巢以确认是否存在并测量RF的直径.RF的含量（如果存在）是在第一次TVFA后72小时收集的，使用相同的抽吸程序。从原始卵泡和结果：在实验1中，TVFA后剩余卵泡壁的血流没有减少（P＞ 0.05），并且在术后49.5±19.7 h观察到了最大血流值。 TVFA。在实验2中，对照组（5/9）和EB（5/10）奶牛的TVFA之后的RF形成成比例相似。此外，各组之间的RF直径也没有差异（P＞ 0.05）。与对照组相比，EB组母牛的RF具有较低的（P = 0.0004）雌二醇（E2）浓度和较低的（P = 0.0005）E2：P4比。结论：结论：1）其余卵泡壁的血管化持续存在可能有助于滤泡抽吸后RF的形成，以及2）苯甲酸雌二醇并不能阻止RF的形成，但是会降低其雌二醇的产生。

Characterization of blood flow and the effects of exogenous estradiol benzoate on residual follicles formed after ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicle aspiration in cattle

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