Supplemental Smartamine M in higher-energy diets during the prepartal period improves hepatic biomarkers of health and oxidative status in Holstein cows

Mario Vailati-Riboni; Johan S.Osorio; Erminio Trevisi; Daniel Luchini; Juan J.Loor

摘要

Background:Feeding higher-energy prepartum is a common practice in the dairy industry.However,recent data underscore how it could reduce performance,deepen negative energy balance,and augment inflammation and oxidative stress in fresh cows.We tested the effectiveness of rumen-protected methionine in preventing the negative effect of feeding a higher-energy prepartum.Multiparous Holstein cows were fed a control lower-energy diet (CON,1.24 Mcal/kg DM;high-straw) during the whole dry period (～50 d),or were switched to a higher-energy (OVE,1.54 Mcal/kg DM),or OVE plus Smartamine M (OVE + SM;Adisseo NA) during the last 21 d before calving.Afterwards cows received the same lactation diet (1.75 Mcal/kg DM).Smartamine M was top-dressed on the OVE diet (0.07％ of DM) from-21 through 30 d in milk (DIM).Liver samples were obtained via percutaneous biopsy at-10,7 and 21 DIM.Expression of genes associated with energy and lipid metabolism,hepatokines,methionine cycle,antioxidant capacity and inflammation was measured.Results:Postpartal dry matter intake,milk yield,and energy-corrected milk were higher in CON and OVE + SM compared with OVE.Furthermore,milk protein and fat percentages were greater in OVE + SM compared with CON and OVE.Expression of the gluconeogenic gene PCK1 and the lipid-metabolism transcription regulator PPARA was again greater with CON and OVE + SM compared with OVE.Expression of the lipoprotein synthesis enzyme MTTP was lower in OVE + SM than CON or OVE.Similarly,the hepatokine FGF21,which correlates with severity of negative energy balance,was increased postpartum only in OVE compared to the other two groups.These results indicate greater liver metabolism and functions to support a greater production in OVE + SM.At 7 DIM,the enzyme GSR involved in the synthesis of glutathione tended to be upregulated in OVE than CON-fed cows,suggesting a greater antioxidant demand in overfed cows.Feeding OVE + SM resulted in lower similar expression of GSR compared with CON.Expression of the methionine cycle enzymes SAHH and MTR,both of which help synthesize methionine endogenously,was greater prepartum in OVE + SM compared with both CON and OVE,and at 7 DIM for CON and OVE + SM compared with OVE,suggesting greater Met availability.It is noteworthy that DNMT3A,which utilizes S-adenosylmethionine generated in the methionine cycle,was greater in OVE and OVE + SM indicating higher-energy diets might enhance DNA methylation,thus,Met utilization.Conclusions:Data indicate that supplemental Smartamine M was able to compensate for the negative effect of prepartal energy-overfeeding by alleviating the demand for intracellular antioxidants,thus,contributing to the increase in production.Moreover Smartamine M improved hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism,leading to greater liver function and better overall health.

机译：背景：高能量产前喂养是奶业的一种常见做法，但是最新数据强调了它如何降低鲜奶牛的生产性能，加深负能量平衡以及增加炎症和氧化应激。我们测试了瘤胃保护的有效性蛋氨酸可防止高能量产前不良饮食。荷斯坦奶牛在整个干旱时期（〜50 d）均饲喂低能量对照饮食（CON，1.24 Mcal / kg DM;高秸秆），或在产犊前的最后21天被换成高能量（OVE，1.54 Mcal / kg DM），或换成OVE加Smartamine M（OVE + SM; Adisseo NA），然后母牛接受相同的泌乳日粮（1.75 Mcal / kg DM）。SmartamineM在牛奶（DIM）中21至30 d的OVE日粮（DM的0.07％）上追肥。在10、7和21 DIM经皮穿刺活检获得肝样品。与能量和脂质代谢，肝因子，蛋氨酸循环，抗氧化能力和炎症相关结果：CON和OVE + SM的产后干物质摄入量，产奶量和能量校正乳均高于OVE;此外，与CON和OVE相比，OVE + SM中的乳蛋白和脂肪百分比更高。与OVE相比，CON和OVE + SM的糖异生基因PCK1和脂质代谢转录调节剂PPARA的表达再次高于OVE。OVE+ SM中脂蛋白合成酶MTTP的表达低于CON或OVE。类似地，肝因子FGF21与负能量平衡的严重程度相关，仅在OVE中与其他两组相比，产后有所增加。这些结果表明，肝脏代谢更高，并且具有支持OVE + SM产生更大功能的功能。在7 DIM时，参与GSR酶参与与CON饲喂的母牛相比，OVE中谷胱甘肽的合成趋于上调，这表明过量饲喂的母牛对抗氧化剂的需求更大。与CON.Ex相比，饲喂OVE + SM导致GSR的相似表达降低。蛋氨酸循环酶SAHH和MTR的抑制作用，两者均有助于内源性蛋氨酸的合成，与CON和OVE相比，OVE + SM的产前产值较高;与OVE相比，CON和OVE + SM的产蛋率为7 DIM，表明Met的可用性更高值得注意的是，利用蛋氨酸周期中产生的S-腺苷蛋氨酸的DNMT3A在OVE和OVE + SM中含量更高，表明高能饮食可能会增强DNA甲基化，从而提高蛋氨酸的利用率。结论：数据表明补充的Smartamine M是能够减轻细胞内抗氧化剂的需求，从而弥补产前能量过剩的负面影响，从而有助于增加产量。此外，Smartamine M改善了肝脂质和葡萄糖的代谢，从而改善了肝功能，改善了整体健康状况。

Supplemental Smartamine M in higher-energy diets during the prepartal period improves hepatic biomarkers of health and oxidative status in Holstein cows

摘要

著录项

相关主题

期刊订阅