The attenuation of satellite-to-ground optical link in fog, rain, snow and cloud is calculated with empirical formulas. The result of simulation shows the longer the length of the light wave, the smaller the attenuation of the laser in the fog; the attenuation in the snow is 10 -100 times higher than that in the rain; when the optical depth of cloud is 4. 7, the laser attenuation is higher than 20 dB. Considering the geographic distribution, meteorological features and cloud cover statistics, it is suggested that the Tarim basin, the desert of western Inner Mongolia and the northwestern part of Loess Plateau in northwest of China should be favorable for satellite-to-ground optical communication ground station location.%利用经验公式计算了星地光链路在雾、雨、雪、云天气中的衰减,仿真结果表明:波长越长,雾对激光的衰减越小；雪对激光的衰减量高于雨对激光衰减量1～2个数量级；当光学厚度达到4.7时,云层对激光的衰减已达到20 dB以上.综合考虑我国的地理分布和气候特点以及云层覆盖情况,建议我国星地光通信地面站选址可以考虑西北地区的塔里木盆地-内蒙古西部戈壁沙漠-黄土高原西北部一带.
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