《社会学方法的准则》是涂尔干思想体系的基石之作。通过证明“社会”是一种自成一体的、客观实在的“物”，有其自身的存在方式与运动法则，这本著作不仅奠定了社会学的学科正当性，更为涂尔干整个社会重建计划确定了理论正当性。文章从涂尔干思想的总体框架出发，基于细致的文本剖析，梳理了社会作为“物”的诸种属性及各类“社会持续在场物”的具体形式，呈现了涂尔干为构建“道德科学”所做的艰辛努力。%The Rules of Sociological Methodis a laying foundation work of Durkheim's thought. By proving that societyis a self-contained and objective thing, which has its own mode of existenceand laws of motion, this book not only laid a foundation for academic legitimacy ofsociology, but alsojustified Durkheim’s plan for whole social reconstruction. Starting with the overall framework of Durkheim thought and based on careful analysis of the text, this paper sums upall kinds of properties of society as thingandvarious specific forms of socialcontinued presence,and displays hard efforts Durkheim made for moral science.
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