In order to promote student’s comprehension about conception of circular aperture diffraction and analytical ability of optical instruments, by use of MATLAB to the sketch interface and data handling in Physics and experiment teaching, we developed some visible university physics teaching and experiment data processing procedures, and that can guiding the university physics teaching and precise optics instrument designing. By the picture emulation, the studies about circular aperture diffraction pattern distributes and Rayleigh Role, contrast to the distance relation about different bore circular aperture diffraction with Rayleigh Role, and different influence of each wave-length, explain various optical parameter changing to raise the meaning of the resolution of circular aperture.%为促进学生对圆孔衍射与光学仪器分辨本领概念的理解，根据菲涅尔衍射公式导出圆孔衍射积分式，利用MATLAB的图形用户界面与数据处理能力，开发大学物理教学可视化图形界面和实验数据处理程序，指导大学物理教学及精密光学仪器的设计。通过图像可视化对比，研究圆孔衍射的衍射花样分布与双圆孔衍射时的瑞利判据，对比不同孔径与物点的距离关系，以及不同的入射光波长对分辨率的影响，说明各种光学参数对提高光学仪器分辨率的意义。
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