[目的]为找到促进种子萌发的适宜方法,提高播种效率.[方法]以来自美国的美丽胡枝子、短梗胡枝子和二色胡枝子的种子为材料,种子分为带果皮与不带果皮两种类型,分别用热水和浓硫酸进行处理,对种子的千粒质量、硬实率、种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等进行分析.[结果]结果表明:3种胡枝子种子千粒质量以短梗胡枝子的最高,二色胡枝子的最低,美丽胡枝子居中.种子用浓硫酸处理10～30 min,或用95℃热水烫后浸泡1～3 d,均可显著降低3种胡枝子的种子硬实率,以浓硫酸处理30 min对硬实率的降低效果最好.在促进种子萌发方面,以浓硫酸处理20、30 min,95℃热水烫后浸泡1d、2d这4种处理方式比较好,可使种子萌发率提高9倍以上,种子发芽势和发芽指数提高10倍以上.3种胡枝子经过酸、热处理后,美丽胡枝子的种子萌发率最高,其次为二色胡枝子,短梗胡枝子种子发芽较差.[结论]经过95℃热水烫后浸泡1d,3种胡枝子均表现出不带果皮的种子比带果皮种子发芽效果好,不带果皮的种子发芽率是带果皮的1.7～2.1倍,播种2周时带果皮的种子胚根发育好于不带果皮的种子.%[Objective]The seed propagation is the main reproduction mode of Lespedeza plants,but the germination rate is low.In order to explore the suitable methods to improve the seed germination and enhance the sowing efficiency.[Methods]the seeds of L.formosa,L.cyrtobotrya and L.bicolor from the united states were used as materials,and were classified into two types,seeds with pod shell and seeds without pod shell.The seeds were treated with hot water and concentrated sulfuric acid.The thousand-seed mass,hard seed percentage,germination rate,germination potential,and germination index were measured.[Results]The results showed that L.cyrtobotrya exhibited the highest thousand-seed mass followed by L.formosa and L.bicolor.Treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid for 10-30 min,or soaking for 1-3 d in water after burning by 95 ℃ water decreased the hard seed percentage of three Lespedeza plants significantly,treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid for 30min presented the best effect.Treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid for 20min and 30min,and soaking for 1d and 2 d in water after burning by 95℃ water lead to a more than 9-fold increase in seed germination rate,and more than 10-fold increases in germination potential,and germination index.After treatment with hot water and concentrated sulfuric acid,among these three Lespedeza plants,L.formosa showed the highest seed germination rate followed by L.bicolor,and the seed germination rate of L.cyrtobotrya was the lowest.[Conclusion]After burning by 95℃ water followed by soaking in water for 1d,the germination level of seeds without pod shell was better than the seeds with pod shell.The germination rate of seeds without pod shell was 1.7-2.1 times of seeds with pod shell.The radicle of seeds with pod shell grew better than the seeds without pod shell when the seeds were planted after 2 weeks.
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