趋磁细菌作为一种新型的生物资源,一经发现便引起关注,近年来更成为微生物研究的热点之一.其在生物学、生态学、地质学等多个学科具有重要的理论依据和实际应用价值,随着科技的不断进步,已在医疗、环保、污水治理等多个领域得到应用.主要介绍了趋磁细菌的分布、特性、磁小体以及应用范围,并对趋磁细菌生态学研究进行展望.%As a new kind of biological resources, magnetotactic bacteriuma has become one of the hotspots in microbial research. It has important theoretical basis and practical application value in many disciplines such as biology, ecology and geology. With the con-tinuous progress of science and technology, it has been applied in many fields such as medical care, environmental protection and sew-age treatment. This paper mainly introduces the distribution, characteristics, magnetosomes and application range of magnetotactic bac-teria, and prospects the study of magnetotactic bacteria ecology.
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