Background] The papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, a native species in Cen-tral America, is an important agricultural and forestry pest.Since 2008, the species has invaded many countries of South and South-east Asia and caused huge economic losses, and it was recently found in Taiwan and Guangzhou.[Method]Based on information a -bout biology, ecology and the distribution ofP .margian tus, this paper introduced its morphology,host plants , geographic distribu-tion, damage and biological characteristic.The potential geographic distribution for P.margin atsu was analyzed by using an ecological niche model ( Maxent) and ArcGIS with the occurrence records of the pest all over the world.[Result] The forecasted results indi-cated thatP .marginatus could survive in huge area in the south of the Yangtze River.Climate and food in South China were very suitable for the survival and hazard of papaya mealybug.[Conclusion and significance] Risk analysis of P.marginatus showed the pest might pose a serious threat to papaya and cassava of South China, and it was very important to quarantine and monitor the inva-sion of this pest.%【背景】木瓜粉蚧是一种重要的农林害虫，原产于中美洲地区，2008年起入侵南亚和东南亚多个国家并造成严重危害，目前在我国台湾和广州已有分布，对我国威胁极大。【方法】在收集、整理木瓜粉蚧原产地或入侵地的生物学、生态学、地理学等信息的基础上，介绍了木瓜粉蚧的形态特征、寄主植物、地理分布、危害和生物学特性，并利用Maxent生态位模型和ArcGIS对木瓜粉蚧在我国的潜在适生区进行了风险评估。【结果】木瓜粉蚧在长江流域以南地区具有广泛的适生区，华南地区在气候条件、寄主等方面利于木瓜粉蚧的生存和危害。【结论与意义】该虫对我国华南地区的潜在威胁十分巨大，亟需加强防范该虫扩散和暴发。
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