研究洪涝灾情的时空分布特征对于有效开展防洪减灾工作具有重要的现实意义。系统整理1950年以来我国分省区7项主要洪涝灾害统计指标（即农作物受灾面积、成灾面积，受灾人口、死亡人口、倒塌房屋、直接经济损失，水利设施直接经济损失）的统计数据，发现过去60余年农作物受灾面积、经济损失呈现上升的趋势，因灾死亡人口呈现下降的趋势；在空间上各项灾情统计指标呈现出东部大于西部，南部高于北部的特征。通过对1990年以来年度洪涝灾情的评估，发现过去20余年我国年度洪涝灾害的强度呈现降低的趋势，南方省区年度洪涝灾害的强度较北方地区高，但近年来呈现出由南向北转移的趋势。%It has important practical significance to study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of flood disaster for effective flood control and disaster reduction.Through analyzing the historical disaster loss data, we find that the crops affected area and economic loss show a rising trend,the death tolls of population show a trend of decline during 1950-2013 in provincial level.In the space scale,the disaster loss of the East China is more than West China,and of South China is bigger than North China.Meanwhile,the flood disaster severity shows a decrea-sing trend during 1990-2013.And at provincial level,the annual disaster severity of the southern provinces of Chi-na is higher than the north area,but in recent years,showing a trend of South China decreasing and North China increasing.
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