Objective:To explore the characteristics of brain structure in patients with long-term withdrawal of methamphetamine-dependence.Methods:A total of 44 patients with withdrawal of methamphetamine-dependent for more than 14 months were recruited,who met the diagnostic criteria for substance dependence in the fifth edition of the American Mental Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-Ⅴ),and 40 healthy subjects were used as the control.In addition to the general scale of drug-relevant survey,the subjects received the 3.0T magnetic resonance high-resolution scan.The voxel-based morphometric measurements for the subject's brain gray volume were conducted.Results:There was no significant difference in age,education,smoking and alcohol consumption between the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group and the control group (P＞0.05).The volumes for the bilateral cerebellum,the left side of temporal gyrus and the right side of the lingual gyrus in the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group were increased than those in the control group.The volumes for the bilateral lingual gyrus and bilateral cuneus in the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group were decreased than those in the control group.The volumes of left of cuneus and cerebellum were positively correlated with the duration of abstinence.Conclusion:After long-term abstinence,although the patients still show abnormal brain structure,their behavior and cognitive function is improved.The cerebral nerve structural is recovered from long-term abstinence.%目的:了解长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的脑结构特点.方法:招募44名长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者(戒断时间大于14个月)及40名健康对照作为研究对象,在年龄、受教育程度、吸烟、饮酒方面进行匹配,使用西门子3.0T skyra头部正交线圈行结构功能磁共振研究;采用自制量表了解受试者基本情况和毒品使用情况,获取三维脑结构图像,然后采用基于体素的形态学分析法进行数据分析,行双样本t检验(cluster size＞20,P＜0.001,未校正)获得两组间差异性脑灰质区域.结果:与健康对照组比较,长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者双侧小脑脚、左侧颞上回、右侧枕叶舌回灰质体积增加,双侧距状裂周围皮质、双侧楔叶灰质体积缩小,其中左侧楔叶、左侧小脑脚灰质体积与戒断时间成正相关.结论:滥用甲基苯丙胺患者经过长期戒断后脑灰质结构仍存在异常,但是部分行为认知功能可随戒断时间延长得到改善.
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