Imaging detection of air-target is disturbed by the atmospheric turbulence,and the target image is badly jit-tered and blurred.In this paper, the statistical characteristics of turbulent flow field and optical propagation properties in the atmosphere are summarized, the characteristics of the turbulence effect degraded images are analyzed. The new model is derived from the wave structure function and refractive index profiles considering turbulence internal and exter-nal scale and thin lens imaging degradation function. Compared with the model derived from Kolmogorov spectrum, more complete transcendent constraints is introduced in the new model, and the model is more similar to the physical characteristics of atmospheric turbulence. Based on the analysis of calculation results, the rationality of the degradation model is testified,and the quantitative description to the degraded image is given.%大气湍流干扰空中目标的成像探测，使得观测到的目标图像是严重抖动和模糊的。文章研究了这些抖动和模糊效应，总结了湍流流场的统计特性和光在大气中的传输特性，具体分析了湍流效应退化图像的特征。采用包含了湍流内外尺度影响的波结构函数、折射率谱以及成像系统退化函数的新退化模型，相比Kolmogorov谱模型，该模型引入了更完整的先验约束条件，更接近大气湍流的物理特性。通过对计算结果进行分析，验证了退化模型的合理性，并对图像退化给出了定量的描述。对进一步进行湍流效应退化图像校正算法研究具有重要意义。结果表明采用了改进的Kolmogorov谱模型的图像的退化效果更加接近真实的退化情况。
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