超疏水表面如薄膜由于具有重要应用前景而广受关注,但目前仍缺少能够经济、大规模制备方法.本研究先用不同配比的蚀刻液分别对不锈钢、黄铜、铝合金表面进行可控刻蚀,得到具有适当粗糙度的系列金属表面,再以此金属表面为模板,通过热压微模塑-拉伸工艺制得了聚烯烃超疏水表面,接触角大于150°,滚动角小于5°.扫描电镜照片显示超疏水表面具有明显拉长的微毛刺结构.该方法简单易行,可望与工业上生产塑料薄膜的流延工艺相结合,为具有超疏水表面的聚合物薄膜的规模化生产提供技术基础.%Although attempts to produce artificial superhydrophobic films have always been intensively performed in recent years, a simple and economical procedure to mass-produce superhydrophobic surfaces still remains to be found. In this paper, a novel process, stretching-controlled thermal replica-molding based on using etched metal surface as templates, was developed to fabricate polyolefin superhydrophobic surfaces. Briefly, the smooth surfaces of stainless steel, brass and aluminum alloy were roughed by etching in each etching solution and process. Then using such etched metal surfaces as templates, the polyolefins were thermally pressed onto them, respectively. After being cooled to room temperature and peeled off from the templates, the polyolefin superhydrophobic surfaces, with static water contact angles all more than 150° and rolling angles all less than 5° were created. SEM images show that the superhydrophobic surfaces have spine like microstructure with a height much higher than what they should be, e.g., the depth of microholes on the templates. This demonstrates that the microstructures on polyolefin surfaces are formed by stretching the surfaces from the microholes on the templates during separating process. Because the templates materials are all metals, this novel process can be combined with the flow-casting process, a main technique for manufacturing plastic films, only by changing the flat metal template surface into a roller with the etched metal surface. This study would be meaningful in developing new technique for manufacturing plastic superhydrophobic films cost-effectively and in a large scale.
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