高速列车车体在交变气动载荷作用下可能发生疲劳破坏,对行车安全构成威胁,急需研制可实现车内压力反复变化的试验装置对新造车体进行疲劳强度试验.为实现车体气动载荷按三角波形式加载,本文以CRH2型动车组三分之一车体为研究对象.首先采用数值计算方法对车体在进出气口体积流量恒定时车内压力随时间变化关系进行研究,在此基础上,完成车体交变气动载荷试验装置气路及控制系统设计,并采用CRH2型动车组三分之一铝合金车体进行验证性试验.结果表明该试验装置达到了设计要求,为研究车体在交变气动载荷作用下疲劳特性提供了有力支撑.%Car bodies of high-speed trains may be subjected to fatigue damages under alternating aerodynamic loading,which constitutes a threat to running safety of railways.So,it is urgent to develop an experimental facility able to produce repeated changing pressures inside the car body and apply it in fatigue strength experiments of newly-manufactured car bodies.In this paper,one third of car bodies of CRH2 EMU were selected as the research object.The numerical simulation method was adopted to study the relationship between interior pressure changes and time under constant air volumes at the inlet and outlet ducts of the car body.On this basis,the gas path and control systems were designed for the car body alternating aerodynamic load test device and verification tests were made with the one third of aluminum alloy car bodies of a full-scale CRH2 EMU.The results show that the experimental facility reaches the design requirements and provides strong support for research on characteristics of fatigue of car bodies under alternating aerodynamic loads.
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