注高温蒸汽是一种有效的油页岩原位加热开采方法.参考美国绿河地区某油页岩原位电加热开采项目,采用CMG油藏数值模拟软件建立油页岩原位加热开采的数值模型,将其中的电加热井改为注高温蒸汽井,求解油页岩的温度场、干酪根浓度和产油量,对比电加热和蒸汽加热的优缺点,并讨论注入蒸汽速率和加热范围这两个主要因素对油页岩原位开采的影响.结果表明:与电加热相比,注蒸汽加热时油页岩层温度更高,干酪根分解更快,页岩油产量峰值到达时间更早;随注入速率增大、加热范围减小,干酪根热解反应加快,页岩油产出结束较早.%Injection of steam with high temperature is an effective method for in-situ upgrading of oil shale.A numerical simulation model for oil shale exploitation via thermal methods was established using CMG software referring to the oil shale development project via electrical heating in Green River (USA),in which the electrical heating wells were replaced by steam injection wells,and the temperature distribution,kerogen concentration and pyrolysis oil production have been calculated and analyzed.The effects of two main factors,injection rate and heating range,on oil production were discussed.The simulation results show that,in the steam injection process,the temperature of oil shale layers can be higher than that of the electrical heating process,which can induce faster decomposition of kerogen,and the peak time of oil production also can appear earlier.With the increasing of injection rate and decreasing of heating range,the reaction rate of kerogen pyrolysis will become faster and shale oil production will terminate earlier.
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