On the basis of growth kinetics of microbial, the equations for discribing microbial growth, nutrient consumption and metalbolites production are presented. According to the equation of material balance, the transport phenomena of microbe,nutrients, and metabolites in porous media are described. For black oil reservoirs, three-dimension, three-phase, multiple-species mathematical models are developed with consideration of biochenical property and the effect of microbial on rock and fluid flow, as well as flowing of oil, gas and water in reservoir. These models can be used to simulate bacterial growth, metabolism and transport of products, and also to simulate the changes of porosity, permeability, pressure and saturation of reservoir. The calculation results are in good agreernent with experimental results.%根据微生物生长动力学，建立了微生物生长、基质消耗和代谢产物生成方程。在考虑菌体、基质、产物扩散和吸附的基础上，用物质平衡方法建立了菌体、基质和产物的运移方程。以多孔介质的毛细管模型为基础，建立了由于微生物吸附引起的孔隙度和渗透率变化方程。考虑到微生物作用对流体性质的影响，建立了油、水粘度和油、气、水毛管力方程。根据黑油模型建立了三维、三相、多组分基质与产物的微生物驱油数学模型。计算结果表明，所建模型能较好地计算出微生物生长曲线、代谢曲线、基质消耗曲线和微生物运移浓度曲线，与实验值有较好的一致性。这些模型综合考虑了微生物的生化特性、微生物作用对岩石、流体性质的影响以及油、气、水的渗流规律，是一个比较完整的微生物驱油数学模型。
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