扬雄《方言》记载了众多的汉代方言词汇，这些宝贵的历史语料不仅反映了汉代各地方言分布情况，还为管窥整个汉代社会体系提供了相对详尽的资料。通过整理发现，《方言》一书中囊括了有关汉代政治和经济体系、社会阶级关系、生产力水平以及战事物质配备等诸多方面的内容，且这些都是社会体系中至关重要的组成要素。希望从以上几个方面着手，立足《方言》词汇，尽可能窥见汉代社会体系的轮廓。%Yang Xiong’s Dialect had recorded numerous dialectal words of Han Dynasty. Those precious recordings can not only reflect the dialectal atlas of Han Dynasty, but also provide detailed data to obtain a rough view of the social system of Han Dynasty. A sorting out reveals that Dialect includes large amount of information about the political and economical system, class relation, level of productivity and war equipment storage, which are essential components of the social system. Based on the dialectal words in Dialect, and from the aspects just mentioned, we attempt to obtain an outline of the social system of Han Dynasty.
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