Objective To study the clinical situation of neonates with mechanical ventilation complicated with respiratory tract infection.Methods Fifty neonates treated in our hospital were selected,and the difference of respiratory tract infection patients were compared,and pathogen of the respiratory tract infection of neonates was culture,and cultured pathogen was analyzed.Results Out of 50 neonates with respiratory tract infection,32 cases (64.00％) occurred respiratory tract infection.The pathogen and drug sensitivity test showed there were six pathogens,among which Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa were commonly seen,but there was no significant difference among these pathogens (P ＞ 0.05).Gram-negative bacteria was more common,drug susceptibility results showed that it had higher sensitivity to ciprofloxacin,imipenem.Newborns with 3 ～7 d,＞ 7 d mechanical ventilation had higher respiratory tract infection than those with ＜ 1 d,1 ～ 3 d (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of respiratory tract infection in premature infants was higher than that in full term infants,but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After antibiotics and symptomatic treatment,34 cases were cured,14 cases quitted the treatment due to severe illness or economic pressure,and 2 patients were died (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The pathogenesis of respiratory tract infection is mainly Gram-negative bacteria,and the incidence of respiratory infection is closely correlated to time of mechanical ventilation.Therefore,drug sensitivity test,antibiotics application should be done in clinic,and the ventilator can be evacuated as soon as possible.%目的 研究新生儿机械通气并发呼吸道感染的临床情况.方法 选择本院收治的机械通气新生儿50例作为研究对象,比较并发呼吸道感染患儿的差异,同时对并发症呼吸道感染的新生儿进行病原菌培养,分析病原菌结果.结果 本研究50例机械通气新生儿中,并发呼吸道感染32例(64.00％),经病原菌及其药敏试验显示病原菌6种,其中大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、绿脓杆菌比较常见,但各类病原菌种之间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);革兰阴性菌比较常见,药敏结果显示其对环丙沙星、亚胺培南敏感性较高;3～7d、＞7d通气时间新生儿并发呼吸道感染率明显高于＜1d、1～3d通气新生儿(P＜0.05);早产儿并发呼吸道感染率高于足月儿,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);50例新生儿经机械通气、抗生素及对症治疗,治愈34例,病重或经济压力大放弃治疗14例,死亡2例.结论 新生儿机械通气并发呼吸道感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌,而且呼吸道感染率和机械通气时间有关.因此,临床应做好药敏试验,合理应用抗生素,病情允许下可尽早撤离呼吸机.
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