首页> 中文期刊> 《临床儿科杂志》 >极低出生体质量儿输血相关危险因素分析

极低出生体质量儿输血相关危险因素分析

         

摘要

目的 分析极低出生体质量儿输血相关危险因素并探讨贫血预防策略.方法 选择2015年1月至2016年6月收治的胎龄<37周且出生体质量<1500 g的新生儿,根据是否输血分成输血组和非输血组,比较两组的一般状况、并发症等,同时分析影响输血的危险因素及与输血量相关的因素.结果 纳入150例极低出生体质量儿,输血组108例、非输血组42例.与非输血组相比,输血组的胎龄及出生体质量更小,基础血红蛋白更低,肠外营养时间更长,住院采血总量更多,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);输血组的支气管肺发育不良(BPD)、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、动脉导管未闭(PDA)的发生率高于非输血组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).线性回归分析示胎龄、出生体质量越小,肠外营养时间越长,住院采血总量越多,则输血量越大(P<0.05).结论 极低出生体质量儿的胎龄、出生体质量、肠外营养时间及住院采血总量等对输血风险及输血量存在不同程度的影响,输血患儿BPD、RDS、PDA的发病率更高.%Objectives To analyze the risk factors for transfusion in very low birth weight infants and to explore the strategies for prevention of anemia. Methods Neonates with gestational age <37 weeks and birth weight <1500 g admitted from January 2015 to June 2016 were included. The neonates were divided into blood transfusion group and non-blood transfusion group. The general conditions and complications were compared, and the risk factors of blood transfusion and the related factors were analyzed. Results One hundred fifty cases of very low birth weight infants were included, among whom 108 cases were from blood transfusion group and 42 cases were from non-blood transfusion group. Compared with the non-blood transfusion group, the gestational age and body weight of the blood transfusion group were smaller, the basic hemoglobin was lower, the parenteral nutrition time was longer, and the total volume of blood collection in hospital was higher, and these differences were all statistically significant (P all<0.05). The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the blood transfusion group were higher than those in the non-blood transfusion group, and they were all statistically different (P all <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the volume of blood transfusion was higher when the gestational age and body weight were smaller, the longer parenteral nutrition was needed, and the total volume of blood taken from the hospital was higher (P all <0.05). Conclusions The gestational age, body weight, parenteral nutrition time and the total volume of blood collection in very low birth weight infants have different effects on blood transfusion risk and transfusion volume. The incidences of BPD, RDS, and PDA in infants with blood transfusion are higher.

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