Rolling contact fatigue of wheel rails is one of the most important problems for railway vehicle wheel/rail relations, and a lot of relevant researches have been done by many scholars at home and abroad. This paper re⁃views the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue crack mechanism and predicting methods, then summarizes the re⁃search direction and hotspot in the field. Research of prevention and control countermeasures on rolling contact fa⁃tigue of wheel and rail are also reviewed and analyzed. It maintains that the high speed rolling contact fatigue dam⁃age mechanism has not yet formed a unified conclusion, especially the wheel-rail rolling contact fatigue damage mechanism analysis of high speed railway has just begun without systematic research, while prevention and con⁃trol countermeasures on rolling contact fatigue of wheel and rail are not systemic.%轮轨滚动接触疲劳是铁道车辆轮轨关系主要问题之一，国内外众多学者对此做了大量研究。从试验和数值分析两个方面综述了铁道车辆滚动接触疲劳作用下裂纹萌生机理及其预测方法，总结了在该领域的研究方向与热点；同时对轮轨滚动接触疲劳防损对策研究也进行了总结和分析。从已有的研究成果来看，滚动接触疲劳损伤机理并没有形成统一的结论，特别是对于高速铁路轮轨滚动接触疲劳损伤的机理分析还只是起步阶段，缺乏系统的研究成果，轮轨滚动接触疲劳防损对策也缺乏系统性。
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