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首页> 中文期刊> 《生态与农村环境学报》 >有机耕作方式对我国南方典型土壤质量影响的评价

有机耕作方式对我国南方典型土壤质量影响的评价

         
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Little information is available as reference for assessment of effect of organic farming on soil quality with soils under conventional farming as control, although large volumes of reports demonstrate that organic farming can ameliorate degraded soils.Soil samples were collected from 14 farms (i.e.7 organic farms and 7 neighbouring conventional farms) for analysis of soil physicochemical properties, i.e.bulk density, pH, organic matter, total N, total P, readily available P and readily available K, and biological properties as well, i.e.microbial biomass carbon, diversity and dominance of microbial communities, and population, diversity and dominance of nematodes.Statistics of the 13 indices was done for principal components analysis.Out of the 13, 6 (TN, pH, bulk density, microbial biomass carbon, and population and dominance of nematodes) were cited to form a minimum data set (MDS).Soil quality index (Is,q,6) based on MDS was in the range of 039-072 in the soils under organic farming and in the range of 018-054 in the soils under conventional farming.The soils under organic farming, except in one sampling site were all higher than those under conventional farming in Is,q,6.Based on the fact that the 6 indices in MDS, particularly dominancy of the nematode community, contributed 124%-218% to soil quality and that Is,q,13(SQI derived from the 13 soil property indices) is significantly related to Is,q,6(r=089, P<005), it is quite clear that MDS-based soil quality assessment is a workable and effective tool.%选取南方14个典型农场,包括7个有机农场和7个相邻的常规农场,对其土壤物理指标(容重)、化学指标(pH值、有机质含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量)和生物指标(微生物量碳含量,微生物群落多样性指数及优势度指数,线虫数量,线虫群落多样性指数及优势度指数)共13个指标进行统计分析.采用主成分分析法,筛选全氮含量、pH值、容重、微生物量碳含量、线虫数量和线虫群落优势度指数6个指标作为评价体系的最小数据集(minimum data set,MDS).有机种植方式基于MDS的土壤质量指数(Is,q,6)为039~072,常规种植方式的Is,q,6为018~054,除1个样点外,有机种植方式的Is,q,6均高于常规种植方式.基于MDS的6个指标对土壤质量的贡献率为124%~218%,其中,线虫群落优势度贡献率最高.基于13个指标的土壤质量指数(Is,q,13)与Is,q,6呈显著正相关(r=089,P<005),表明基于MDS的土壤质量评价是一种有效可行的评价方法.

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