以生态位基本理论为基础,提出了山区聚落生态位的概念,即山区聚落生态位反映聚落在山地垂直方向上所处的空间位置及人类生活所能利用的资源空间.构建了山区聚落生态位宽度计测模型,以岷江上游杂谷脑河段上下孟沟为例,计算了区内12个聚落的生态位宽度.结果表明,在该聚落群的聚落生态位计算中,自然因素占主导地位,经济因素次之,社会因素影响最小；海拔高度为1900～2600 m时,山区聚落生态位宽度为0.03～0.11,海拔高度为＞2600～3100 m时,山区聚落生态位宽度大多分布在0.12～0.13之间,聚落生态位随海拔升高呈增大趋势.山区聚落生态位研究可为揭示山区人地关系以及聚落空间规划提供新的评估方法.%Based on the basic theory of econiche, a concept of econiche of mountain settlement was proposed. The econiche of a mountain settlement may reflect spatial position of the settlement vertically along the mountain and resources space available to the settlement for sustenance, and meanwhile a mathematical model was established for calculating widths of the econiches of the 12 settlements in Shangxiameng Valley of the Zagunao Section of Min River. Results show that in calculating widths of settlement niches, natural factors were the major ones to take into account, which were followed by economic and then social factors. Settlements with an elevation of 1 900 -2 600 m were 0. 03 -0. 11 in econiche width and those with an elevation of >2 600 -3 100 m were 0. 12 -0. 13, demonstrating that econiche width increased with elevation. The findings may provide a new method for evaluating the relationship between people and land in mountainous regions and space planning of settlements.
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