藤本植物是热带及亚热带地区森林生态系统中重要的构成部分,对于维持森林生态系统的物种多样性和改善生态系统功能发挥着重要作用.目前仍不清楚藤本植物在选择依附林木时是否具有选择性以及其在树干表面生长与分布是否有一定的规律.采用随机样点法调查我国华中鸡公山地区典型落叶阔叶林内的藤本植物生长和分布状况.研究表明,阔叶树种〔枫香(Liquidambar formosana)与麻栎(Quercus acutissima)〕树干分布的藤本数量显著高于针叶树种〔马尾松(Pinus massoniana)〕;树干表面有无苔藓覆盖对藤本分布无显著影响;藤本植物在树干上的分布受立地坡位的影响,表现为基径处树干坡下位附生的藤本数量高于坡上位,然而在胸高处树干坡下位藤本数量则低于坡上位.藤本植物在选择依附林木时表现出一定程度的选择性,并且其在树干上的分布会因微环境的影响而发生转变,研究结果可为揭示森林生态系统的物种共存与维持机制提供科学参考.%Liana plant is a prominent component in forest ecosystems in subtropical and tropical regions, which plays a crucial role in maintaining species diversity and improving ecosystem function. However, whether liana plant selectively attached host species and if any distribution patterns exist while liana infests trees remain unclear. To examine the host selection and distribution patterns of liana plant, a field investigation with random sample method was conducted in a deciduous broadleaf forest in Jigong Mountain, Central China. It was found that broadleaf tree species (Liquidambar formosana and Quercus acutissima) had more liana infested than that of coniferous tree species (Pinus massoniana). Moss present or not on trunk surface showed no effect on the infestation of liana plants. Distribution of liana plant on tree surface showed substantial variations between upslope and downslope directions, with greater liana density on downslope direction at 5 cm height but lower density on the downslope direction at 130 cm height. The study indicates that to some extent liana plants show host selection while infesting trees and the distribution of liana plant on tree surface changes with microclimate. The finding also provides scientific evidence for the mechanism of coexistence and maintaining for different function species in forest ecosystems.
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