After the founding of new China,some educational theories have great influence on the reform of the cur-riculum and teaching,such as the theory of“educational practice”,the theory of“double base”,the theory of“quality ed-ucation”and the theory of“three-dimensional targets”. The theories of“quality education”and“educational practice”,the theories of“double base”and“three-dimensional targets”have great important influence on the reform of the curriculum and teaching from the perspective of the curriculum philosophy and the technology of curriculum implementation respective-ly. As the current important theory in the world,the theory of“key competence”plays a significant role in the reform of curriculum and instruction in elementary education. The urgent thing is that how to use the foreign studies on key compe-tence for reference,how to build the standards of the structure connotation of student’s key competence based on the local social and cultural characteristic,and how to implement it into the design of curriculum standard,the design of textbook and the teaching practice effectively.%新中国成立后，对课程与教学改革产生重大影响的教育理论主要有“教育实践论”、“双基论”、“素质教育论”和“三维目标论”。“教育实践论”和“素质教育论”，“双基论”和“三维目标论”从理念与实践层面对课程与教学改革产生了重要影响。“核心素养论”作为当下在国内外具有重要影响的课程与教学理论，正对世界基础教育课程与教学改革实践产生重大影响。如何借鉴国外核心素养研究成果，基于本土社会文化特征，构建面向世界、面向未来、面向现代人的学生核心素养体系，并切实落实到课程标准、教科书设计和教学过程中去，是迫切需要研究的问题。
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