This paper focuses on the problem of clutter rank estimation of coherent airborne MIMO radar with arbitrary transmitted waveform synthetic structures. A new construct method of clutter rank estimation for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar is presented. Clutter rank can be estimated by an equivalence matrix which is constructed by the waveform synthetic structures and sparse structure from the method, instead of the computation complicated direct decomposition of the Clutter Covariance Matrix (CCM). A simple and effective estimation rule of clutter rank is proposed and strict proofed based on the decomposition of the construct matrix. The quantitative relationship among the synthetic structures, sparse structure and Degree Of Freedom (DOF) of clutter is established, and the eigenspectrum structure of the clutter under arbitrary transmitted waveform synthetic structures can be obtained from the method and rule. Simulations also verify the accuracy of the method and rule. The proposed theory can be used to design an optimal synthetic structure and effective STAP algorithm.%针对任意发射波形合成结构影响下的机载相干MIMO雷达杂波自由度的估计问题.论文提出了一种机载相干MIMO雷达杂波自由度估计的构造法,该方法利用发射波形合成结构直接构造等效矩阵代替杂波协方差矩阵进行求秩.通过递推分解等效矩阵,提出并证明了一种杂波自由度快速估计准则,建立了机载相干MIMO雷达发射波形合成结构、阵列稀布构型与杂波自由度之间的定量关系.研究表明:该方法和准则能够准确预测任意发射波形合成结构下的机载MIMO雷达的杂波特征谱结构.该理论既保证了降秩STAP算法性能的最优又具有较小的计算量,并为最优发射波形合成方案和MIMO STAP算法的设计提供了依据.
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