The ark shell Scapharca subcrenata is a benthic bivalve distributed along the intertidal and subtidal zones of mud or silty sand shores of China, Japan, and Korea. It is a species of considerable economic value with a significant potential to further the development and diversification of aquaculture. Over the last two decades, the yields of this natural resources in China have decreased dramatically due to the marine reclamation works, reckless overcatching and environmental pollutions. The inter-simple sequence repeats DNA (ISSR) technique was applied to assess the genetic diversity among five stocks of Scapharca subcrenata ( Jinzhou stock, Dandong stock, Jinzhou stock, Yingkou stocks and Zhanghe stock). Under predetermined optimal reaction conditions, 137 ISSR sites were detected ranging from 200 bp to 2 500 bp with 12 primers. The number of amplified bands ranged from 9 to 15 in every individual. The experimental data were analyzed with POPGEN3. 2 and MEGA2 software. The result showed that no evident differentiation existed among the five stocks, and they all belong to one community; the nearest phylogenetic relationship occurs between the Dandong stock and Zhuanghe stock,then between the Yingkou and Jinzhou groups in turn; the high level of mean heterozygosities suggests that the resource of Scapharca subcrenata was in good condition with high genetic variation.%采用ISSR技术,对辽宁沿海5个毛蜡群体的遗传多样性进行了研究.在选择的12个随机引物中共检测到137个扩增片段,长度在200-2500bp,每个个体获得的扩增条带在9-15条不等.利用POPGEN3.2和MEGA2统计软件,获得实验数据,确立了5个群体间的亲缘关系.结果表明,毛蜡5个地理群体分化不明显,没有形成不同的地理种群;聚类分析显示,丹东和庄河亲缘关系最近,然后依次为金州、营口、锦州;5个群体无论是在多态位点比例还是在平均杂合度上都处于较高水平,说明毛蜡当前种质资源状况良好,遗传多样性水平较高.
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