目的 建立在场拭子法(swab test on premises,STOP)并对深圳市不同来源的猪肉、猪肝和猪肾抗生素残留进行筛查.方法 选用枯草芽孢杆菌CMCC-63501作为实验敏感菌株,通过测定猪肉组织的加标回收率、检出限和假阴性率建立STOP法,并对市售猪组织中抗生素残留量进行筛查.结果 本研究建立了乳酸环丙沙星、盐酸多西环素、恩诺沙星、硫酸新霉素、头孢噻呋钠和硫酸庆大霉素共6种敏感抗生素的标准曲线.本研究建立的STOP法的加药回收率、检出限和假阴性率均符合方法学的要求.采用STOP法对不同来源猪肉、猪肝和猪肾中抗生素残留量的筛查,结果表明,猪肝和猪肾阳性超标率分别为24％和10％,这些样本均来源于郊区,其中农贸市场的风险要高于超市,而土猪和外三元的品种之间没有明显差异.结论 猪组织抗生素残留风险高发的部位、区域和场所分别是内脏、郊区和农贸市场,与猪的品种没有明显的相关性.STOP法简单快捷易操作,可适用于动物性食品中抗生素残留的现场检测.%Objective To establish a method for determination of antibiotic residues in muscle, liver and kidney of pig from different sources in Shenzhen by swab test on premises (STOP) method. Methods Bacillus subtilis CMCC-63501 was selected as the experimental sensitive strain. The STOP method was established through the detection of antibiotics spiked recoveries, limit of detection and false negative rate in pork. The antibiotic residues of the pig tissues circulating in the market were screened. Results The standard curves were established for 6 antibiotics including ciprofloxacin lactate, doxycycline hydrochloride, enrofloxacin, neomycin sulfate, ceftiofur sodium and gentamicin sulfate. The spiked recoveries, limit of detection and false negative rate of the established STOP method could satisfy the requirements of methodology. The STOP method was used to screen the antibiotic residues in pork, pig liver and pig kidney from different sources. The results showed that positive over-standard rates of liver and kidney were 24％ and 10％, respectively, and all of which came from rural areas. Moreover, the risk of farmers'' market was higher than that of supermarkets. There was no significant difference between native breed pigs and foreign breed pigs. Conclusion The tissue, region and market of high risk of antibiotic residues in pig tissues are visceral, suburban area and farmers'' markets. Antibiotic residues have no significantly correlated with pig breeds. This method is fast and easy to be operated, which can be applicable for the presence detection of antibiotic residues in animal foods.
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