The character of blue-grain is a dominant genetic marker widely used in wheat genetics and breeding. Difference between male and female gametes in transmitting gene controlling the blue aleurone trait in wheat was determined in this study. Crosses between non-blue grain wheat varieties and blue-grain wheat varieties L and 03-chu-36 were carried to the F_2 generation. And the F_t of waxy-grain wheat C75 and blue-grain wheat L as male or female parent was test-crossed with waxy-grain wheat C75, and F_t generation was produced. Then the grain color of F_1 F_2 of these crosses was investigated. F_1 grain color of the crosses behaved medium blue or light blue. So blue grain is dominant. Grain color in F_2 segregated into blue and non-blue not in a ratio of 3: 1, but in a ratio of 11: 9, the blue grain number almost matched to the red grain number, and blue grain can be divided into dark blue, medium blue and light blue. The result of test cross showed that the transmission rate was 100% and 20% respectively for male and female gametes containing blue grain gene. This transmission rate just explained the ratio of 11: 9 of blue grain number and red grain number in F_2. The seeding of blue grain wheats was normal, showing the female gametes was normal and transmission rate was 100%. This corresponded to the results of the test cross. This paper also discussed the gene numbers controlling the blue grain.%通过调查蓝粒小麦L和03初36与若干非蓝粒小麦组合的自交、测交后代籽粒胚乳颜色,判断蓝粒基因通过雌雄配子传递的差异.各杂交组合F_1均为浅蓝粒或中蓝粒,表现胚乳直感,蓝粒是显性性状;F_2发生蓝粒和非蓝粒的分离,而且蓝粒有深中浅之分.F_2胚乳非蓝粒与蓝粒数目相当,符合11∶9,不符合3∶1.测交结果表明,蓝粒基因通过雌雄配子的传递率分别为100%和20%.该传递率能较好解释各组合F_2代胚乳蓝粒与非蓝粒比例符合11∶9的原因.蓝粒小麦结实正常,说明雌配子基本上正常传递,与测交结果相吻合.本文还对控制蓝粒基因的数目等问题进行了探讨.
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