相机和标定板是相机标定过程中的关键设备,针对二者对相机标定精度影响的问题,进行了一系列分组对比标定实验.首先,制作了棋盘格尺寸大小不等的A2、A3、A43块平面标定板,选择不同类型的4款数码相机,分组采集了240张棋盘格标定板图像;然后,依据相机针孔模型原理,采用MATLAB相机标定工具进行了相机的标定实验.研究结果表明:对于任一相机,使用棋盘格尺寸大小不等的标定板,相机的标定精度差别很大,其中A3标定板对分辨率最小的CCD相机标定精度最优,重投影横纵坐标误差的平均值均小于0.1像素.实验结果对计算机视觉研究中相机和标定板的选择具有参考价值.%This article introduces a group of experiments of grouping contrast calibration that intends to show how camera and calibration board, the two key equipments of camera calibration, impact the accuracy of camera calibration. In these experiments, first, we made three plane calibration boards, which were sized A2, A3, A4, respectively. Second, we chose four different types of digital camera and collected 240 pieces of checkerboard calibration plate images by using it. Last, according to the principal (or theory) of camera pinhole model, we conducted the camera calibration experiments by using the MATLAB camera calibration tool. The results of these experiments show that the camera calibration accuracy is very different while using different sizes of calibration board. From the results, we can see that the A3 calibration board is the best method for calibrating CCD camera which has the smallest resolution since the error of the average values were less than 0.1 pixel. The results of these experiments have important value for choosing camera and calibration board in computer vision research.
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