于2015年11月和2016年3月调查了较场尾海域海洋环境状况,以海水水质标准、综合污染指数和潜在生态风险指数、目标危险系数来评价较场尾海域海水、沉积物及生物体重金属的污染现状和摄入健康风险.结果表明:两个航次海水均有个别重金属含量超标,其中2015年11月份航次重金属Pb、Hg超标,站位超标率分别为40%和20%,2016年3月份航次重金属Cu、Pb、Hg超标,站位超标率分别为5%、20%和5%,较场尾海域表层海水重金属浓度基本呈现由北向南逐渐递减的趋势;较场尾海域表层沉积物主要受到Cu、Pb、Cr、Hg的污染,其中5站的Cr和15站的Hg均超过海洋沉积物质量二类标准,Cu和Cr的站位超标率为16.7%,Pb和Hg的站位超标率为8.3%,站位综合污染指数以5站6.02为最大,潜在生态风险指数以15站65.14为最大;较场尾附近海域的重金属污染主要来自附近的工业厂区和燃煤电厂;较场尾海域所捕获到的鱼、虾、头足类目标危险系数之和由大到小为:鱼(0.132)>头足(0.062)>虾(0.012),均不存在人体摄入健康风险.%This essay aims to analyze the quality of seawater, sediments, organisms and human dietary exposure risks of the Jiao Changwei inshore based on the investigation conducted in November 2015 and March 2016 with the seawater quality standard, the integrated pollution index, the potential ecological risk index and the target risk coefficient as the evaluation indicators. The results show that the concentrations of heavy metals exceed seawater quality standard in both of the two voyages. The exceeding station ratio of Pb and Hg in seawater is 40% and 20% respectively in November, 2015 voyage. As for the March, 2016 voyage, the exceeding station ratio of Cu, Pb and Hg in seawater is 5%, 20% and 5% respectively. Additionally, the concentrations of heavy metals in seawater gradually decrease from north to south. The surface sediments in the area are mainly contaminated by Cu, Pb, Cr, Hg. The concentrations of Cr in Station No.5 and Hg in Station No.15 are above the second standard of marine sediment quality. The exceeding station ratio of Cu and Cr is 16.7%, and the exceeding station ratio of Pb and Hg is 8.3%. The highest integrated pollution index and the highest potential ecological risk index is 6.02 and 65.14 respectively. The results of the principal component analysis of surface sediments in the Jiao Changwei inshore show that the heavy metals are mainly from the nearby industrial plants and coal-firing power plants. The target risk coefficient of the captured organisms-fishes, shrimps, cephalopods are as follows: fishes (0.132)> cephalopods (0.062)> shrimps(0.012). The results show that the organisms from Jiao Changwei inshore do not involve the human dietary exposure risks.
展开▼
