The present study aims to probe into the relationship between college students’ vocabulary sizes and their reading comprehension levels. The subjects were 47 junior college students from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) was used to test students’ receptive vocabulary size; Reading Test (from TOEFL) was used to test students’ reading comprehension levels. SPSS/PASW Statistics 18 and“Pearson correlation” were applied to analyze the relationship between subjects’ vocabulary sizes and their reading comprehension levels. When the subjects read English articles of non-specialty, the highly-frequently used vocabulary had high correlation with reading comprehension levels; while the low-frequency vocabulary had comparatively low correlation with reading comprehension. The results suggest that grasping vocabulary of higher frequency plays significant role in improving reading comprehension of non-specialty articles.% 为研究非英语专业大学生英语词汇量与阅读理解水平之间的关系,选取广州中医药大学47名三年级本科生为受试对象。一方面以词汇水平测试(Vocabulary Levels Test,缩略形式VLT)(全英版本)测试受试对象接受性词汇量(receptive vocabulary size),另一方面以阅读测试检测受试对象阅读理解能力,并使用皮尔逊相关系数(Pearson correlation)分析受试对象词汇水平与阅读能力之间的关系。研究结果显示：英语高频词汇量与阅读能力显著相关,而低频词汇量与阅读能力相关性不明显。这表明积累高频词汇量对提高普通阅读能力起着重要作用
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