Objective:To establish and compare three different methods of partial obstruction hydronephrosis.Methods:Twenty-one New Zeal rabbits(10-week-old) were randomly assigned to three groups:rats in group 1 were embedded ureter under the psoas major muscle,rats in group 2 were emboliaed the ureter into a plastic cannula,and those in group 3 were inserted a catheter into the ureter,to establish hydronephrosis models.The anteroposterior diameter (APD),renal cortical thickness(RCT),pH,lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) were detected and compared.Results:The APD was increased gradually,while the RCT was decreased after modeling.The APD of group 3 was obviously higher than that of other groups,but the RCT was lower at 21 and 28 days post-operation(P＜0.05).The level of β2-MG in group 3 was notably lower than that in group 1 and 2 at 28 days after modeling(P＜0.05).No Significant difference was found in pH and LDH level among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The models of hydronephrosis were successfully established by the three methods.The method of plastic cannula was the best useful for its simple operation.The method of catheterization was relatively complex but more convenient for urine collection.%目的:对比3种单侧输尿管不全梗阻肾积水动物模型建立方法的优劣.方法:选取10周龄的新西兰兔21只,随机分为腰大肌包埋输尿管组、塑料套管压迫组和输尿管内导管置入组,每组7只.分别于术前及术后7d、14d、21d和28d,采用彩色多普勒超声测定3组积水肾肾盂前后径(APD)和最大肾皮质厚度(RCT).测量输尿管内导管置入模型的肾内压.第28天检测各组积水肾肾盂内液pH值、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)水平.结果:输尿管内导管置入组手术时间明显长于其他两组(P＜0.05),而其他两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后,3组APD逐渐增大,RCT逐渐减小.输尿管内导管置入组术后21d和28 d的APD明显高于其他两组,RCT明显低于其他两组(P＜0.05).术后28 d,输尿管内导管置入组β2-MG水平明显低于腰大肌包埋输尿管组和塑料套管压迫组(P＜0.05),而3组间尿pH值和LDH比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:3种方式均可建立单侧输尿管不全梗阻肾积水动物模型,其中塑料套管压迫法操作简单,可控制梗阻程度,输尿管内导管置入法肾积水程度最严重,操作较复杂,但可以动态收集尿液标本观察,值得进一步的研究.
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