Objective: To analyze the establishment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) animal model. Methods: Forty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats of 3. 5-month-old were recruited, which were randomly assigned to the model or control groups, each group included 20 rats (one half male, the other half female). Model group was injected dexamethasone 2. 5 mg/kg intramuscularly, twice a week, while the control group was injected equivalent normal saline intramuscularly. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the whole body in vivo and the femur in vitro was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at the end of the ninth week. Results: The mortality was higher in the model group than in the control group (40% vs. 10% , P <0. 05). The mortality of female and male rats was 20% (2/10) and 60% (6/10) in model group (female/male = 1 : 3), respectively. BMD was significantly lower in the model group than in the control group ( P <0. 05). The changes of BMD of the whole body in vivo and the femur in vitro had a good agreement. Trabecula of the model group was sparse, fracture, arrangement disorder under microscope. Conclusion: GIOP animal model can be successfully established by injecting dexamethasone 2. 5 mg/kg intramuscularly, twice a week for 9 weeks. BMD of whole body in vivo and femur in vitro can be used to evaluate the GIOP animal model.%目的:建立糖皮质激素性骨质疏松症(GIOP)动物模型.方法:3.5月龄Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠40只,随机分成模型组和对照组,每组20只,雌雄各半.模型组予肌肉注射地塞米松2.5 mg/kg,每周2次,连续9周;对照组予肌肉注射等量的生理盐水.两组均每周测一次体重.于9周结束时用双能X射线吸收法(DXA)测定大鼠活体整体骨密度和离体股骨的骨密度;股骨切片镜下观察骨小梁变化.结果:①模型组死亡率(40%)较对照组(10%)显著升高(P<0.05),模型组雌性大鼠死亡为2/10,雄性大鼠死亡为6/10,雌雄死亡率之比为1∶3.②大鼠活体整体骨密度和离体股骨的骨密度变化一致,模型组骨密度均较对照组明显降低(P<0.05).模型组股骨切片显微镜下观察见骨小梁变细、稀疏、断裂、排列紊乱.结论:肌肉注射地塞米松2.5 mg/kg,每周2次,共9周,可成功建立GIOP大鼠模型,测定活体整体和离体股骨的骨密度可用于评价GIOP模型.
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