目的:探析三种HiLo模式对游泳运动员身体机能及运动成绩的影响.方法:32名男性游泳运动员随机分成对照组、HiLo-1、HiLo-2、HiLo-3,每组8人,4周训练.于训练前、每周后测试身体机能指标和运动成绩.结果:(1)RBC、Hb、Hct:低氧组三周后显著变化,P<0.05;四周后HiLo-1和HiLo-3,P<0.05;HiLo-2,P<0.01.(2)VO2max:HiLo-2四周后显著变化,P<0.05.VAT:对照组四周后(P<0.05);三、四周后,HiLo-1和HiLo-3(P<0.05、P<0.01),HiLo-2(P<0.01、P<0.001)显著提高.VAT/VO2max:四周后,对照组、HiLo-1、HiLo-3(P<0.05),HiLo-2(P<0.01)显著提高,HiLo-2>HiLo-1>HiLo-3>对照组.(3)400M和800M成绩三周后显著提高,P<0.05.低氧组优于对照组,HiLo-2优于HiLo-1和HiLo-3.对照组>HiLo-3>HiLo-1>HiLo-2.结论:HiLo可以在一定程度上刺激人体RBC、Hb、Hct,提高运输氧的能力;短期HiLo对VO2 max的提高有限,但可促进VAT的改善,提高机体的用氧能力;有利于中长距离游泳运动;HiLo-2500M具有一定的优势.%Objective:To explore the effects of three HiLo models on physical performance and performance of swimming ath-letes.Methods:32 male swimmers were randomly divided into control group, HiLo-1, HiLo-2 and HiLo-3, each group had 8 people and trained for 4 weeks.Physical performance indicators and exercise performance were measured before and af-ter training.Results:(1) RBC, Hb, Hct:hypoxia group three weeks after the significant changes, P<0.05;four weeks af-ter HiLo-1 and HiLo-3, P<0.05, HiLo-2, P<0.01.(2) significant changes were observed after VO2max:HiLo-2, P<0.05.VAT:four weeks after the control group (P<0.05), three and four weeks later, HiLo-1 and HiLo-3 (P<0.05, P<0.01), HiLo-2 (P<0.01, P<0.001) increased significantly.VAT/VO2max:four weeks later, the control group, Hi-Lo-1, HiLo-3 (P<0.05), HiLo-2 (P<0.01) increased significantly, HiLo-2>HiLo-1>HiLo-3>control group. (3) 400M and 800M scores improved significantly after three weeks, P<0.05.Hypoxia group was better than control group, and HiLo-2 was better than HiLo-1 and HiLo-3.Control group>HiLo-3>HiLo-1>dongHiLo-2.Conclusion:HiLo can stimulate the body to a certain extent, RBC, Hb, Hct, improve the ability to transport oxygen;short term HiLo increase on the VO2 max, but can promote the improvement of VAT, improve the body's ability to use oxygen;long distance swimming;HiLo-2500M has certain advantages.
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