Through document literature, site inspection and logical thinking, and other research methods, this paper takes "cultural ecology" as the theoretical background and starts from various factors of natural and social environments in different ethnic groups in Wuling area, to explore the cultural ecological features and relationships of ethnic minorities' traditional sports in Wuling mountainous area. The results show that:in the background of Wuling mountainous area with diverse ecological en-vironments, diversified ethnic minorities ' traditional sports culture produces, which embodies the cultural ecological features and corresponding existent relationship in different levels of physical geography and social life among different ethnic groups. These cultural ecological features and relationships are not only the basis of traditional sports' occurrence and development a-mong ethnic minorities in Wuling mountainous area, but also the evidence of continuous inheritance in modern cultural envi-ronment.%通过文献资料、现场考察和逻辑思维等研究方法，以“文化生态学”为理论背景，从武陵山区各民族的自然和社会环境的诸多因素入手，探讨武陵山区少数民族传统体育的文化生态学特征和关系。在武陵山区生态环境的多样性背景下，产生了多元化的少数民族传统体育文化，体现了各民族在自然地理和社会生活各层面的文化生态特征和与之相适应的生存关系。这些文化生态学特征和关系既是武陵山区少数民族传统体育发生和发展的基础，同时也是在现代文化环境下持续承传的依据。
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