This paper is to characterize terramycin and penicillin bacterial residues from the microbial fermentation process in the pharmaceutical industry. Element analyzer instrument,atomic absorption spectrophotometer(AAS),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis,DTG-60H instrument,XRY-1B oxygen bomb calorimeter and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR) are employed to identify the two samples in order to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics. The results show that the bacterial residues contain characteristically high carbon and oxygen levels,which are more than 40% and 30%,respectively. The concentrations of inorganic components,seven heavy metals (Pb,Cr,Cd,Zn,As,Ni and Hg) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are low. The main functional group are O-H and C-C,which are the characteristic functional groups of protein,cellulose and other organic substances. The pyrolysis process of terramycin and penicillin bacterial residues has three stages,and most of the organic materials are decomposed at the second stage. Additionally,the calorific values of terramycin and penicillin bacterial residues are 16 894 kJ/kg and 17 641 kJ/kg,respectively.%以制药厂发酵土霉素、青霉素菌渣为研究对象,利用元素分析仪、原子吸收分光光度计、高效液相色谱仪以及差热-热重分析仪、氧弹热量计和傅里叶红外光谱仪分别对2种菌渣的理化特性进行分析.分析结果表明:菌渣中C,O元素含量较高,质量分数分别达到40％和30％以上,无机成分、重金属含量及多环芳烃含量均较低；菌渣中主要官能团为O—H和C—C,为蛋白质、纤维素等有机物质的特征官能团；菌渣的热解过程可分为3个阶段,第二阶段是热解的主要阶段,为挥发分的析出阶段,另外,土霉素茵渣和青霉素菌渣的热值分别为16.894MJ/kg和17.641 MJ/kg.
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