应用数字散斑相关法和声发射技术,开展岩石单轴加载过程中损伤破坏机理研究.结合岩石加载过程中数字散斑图像和声发射监测数据,分析岩石单轴加载过程中裂纹扩展与损伤演化规律、岩石表面变形场演化与分区化特征.结果表明:岩石试件加载过程中应力曲线与声发射振铃计算曲线表现出明显的对应关系,加载过程中声发射参数特征可以较好的反映岩石加载过程内部损伤与裂纹扩展规律.数字散斑相关法可用于分析岩石加载过程中轴向与横向变形场分布和裂纹扩展规律.数字散斑计算的横向位移场、横向主应力方向对试件产生的影响更明显,说明岩石在单轴压缩过程中的破坏,主要是由拉应力引起横向变形集中而产生的局部剪切破坏.%This paper is aimed at analyzing the evolution characteristics behind the whole process of deformation and damage of rocks using digital speckle correlation method and acoustic emission.The analysis includes the evolution law of crack growth and damage, the displacement evolution of deformation localization region, and the surface deformation of rock loading, combined with digital speckle image and monitoring data of Acoustic Emission.The results demonstrate that the process of rock specimen loading is associated with a distinct corresponding relation between the stress curve and ringing curve of acoustic emission;the parameters of acoustic emission characteristics could show a better response to the law underlying the damage and crack propagation of rock loading process;digital speckle correlation method could work better for the analysis of axial field distribution and crack extension rule during rock loading process;and the lateral displacement and the direction of horizontal principal stress by digital speckle calculation have an obvious effect on the specimen, suggesting that the rock damage is mainly due to local shear failure caused by lateral deformation concentration of the tensile stress in uniaxial compression process.
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