Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (CJD) is the most common type of disease caused by prion .Different from other type of infectious diseases , this disease is caused by pathogens that contain genetic elements , such as viruses or bacteria . It is caused directly by a deformed protein called prion . Even so , the disease has important impact in public health , since prion can�t be destroyed in routine sterilization procedures . The prion from CJD patients can be transferred through blood transfusion , surgery , and other approaches . The disease has a long latent phase , and is hard to be identified . This causes a big problem in clinical diagnosis . The current diagnosis involves clinical signs , imaging , and histology with low specificity . Early and active diagnosis with high specificity is urgently needed . There are some big developments in the diagnosis of CJD in recent years . This paper summarizes the progress in this area domestically and internationally , especially the recently developed real time quaking induced conversion ( RTQuIC) in details .%克雅二氏病（Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ，CJD）是朊粒（prion）类疾病在人类中最常见的病种，与其他常见的传染病不同的是，这个疾病不是由类似于含有基因的病毒或细菌的病原造成的疾病，而是由变构蛋白朊粒直接造成的疾病。尽管如此，它的公共健康的意义很大。因为朊粒在常规消毒情况下是不被灭活的。这类患者的朊粒会通过输血、手术或其他途径把病原传给他人，加上疾病发病的潜伏期长，很难马上被发现，给临床诊断造成很大困难。目前诊断主要限于临床表现及晚期的影像检查和组织学检查，特异性也比较低。早期和主动的、特异性的诊断方法一直是此领域的热点和亟待攻克的难题。近年来，克雅二氏病的研究和诊断有很大进展，因此，对目前国内外关于克雅二氏病的研究和诊断作一综述，特别是目前在世界少数国家出现的Real-time quaking-induced conver-sion （简称RT-QuIC ，此处翻译为“实时震动诱导转化”）作了详细介绍。
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