General Nexus Between Water and Electricity Use and Its Implication for Urban Agricultural Sustainability:A Case Study of Shenzhen, South China

LI Wen-jiang; LI Lin-jun; QIU Guo-yu

摘要

Although water and energy resources are well-recognized concerns regarding economic and social development sustainability, little specific research has focused on both water and energy problems at the same time. This study analyzed the water and electricity-use patterns in Shenzhen, South China during 2001-2009. A curve regression method was used to examine the relationship between water and electricity use per gross domestic product (GDP) in Shenzhen and its three sectors, i.e., agriculture, industry&construction, and residential life&services. Results showed that agriculture only covered less than 10%of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, while industry&construction and residential life&services accounted for more than 90%of water and electricity use in Shenzhen, which coincided with the city’s industrial structure. The water and electricity use per GDP in agriculture was the biggest among three sectors in Shenzhen during 2001-2009, which means inefficiency of water and electricity use in agriculture. Due to transitioning to advanced materials and manufacturing, both water and electricity use per GDP in industry&construction decreased during 2001-2009 and their utilization efficiencies gradually increased over time. The same held true for those in residential life&services transformed toward modern business, creative culture, finance services, etc. Derived from the survival of the fittest in competing for limited water and electricity resources, agriculture in Shenzhen has been gradually substituted by industry&construction and residential life&services, with much higher efficiencies of water and electricity use. And traditional agriculture will not be sustainable in the process of urbanization and industrialization, except high-tech intensive agriculture with low water and energy cost. Furthermore, by means of curve regression, we found that there was a significant quadratic relationship between water use per GDP and electricity use per GDP in the entire city and its three sectors. Suitable industrial transformation and advancement was a very effective way to save water and energy for modern cities. This can provide some reference for systematic planning and design of water and electricity allocation and use in agriculture, industry&construction and residential life&services in a city.

机译：尽管水和能源是公认的有关经济和社会发展可持续性的问题，但很少有具体的研究同时关注水和能源问题。这项研究分析了2001-2009年间华南深圳的水和电使用模式。曲线回归方法用于检验深圳市及其三个部门（农业，工业和建筑业以及居民生活和服务业）的水和电与人均国内生产总值之间的关系。结果显示，深圳的农业用水仅占不到10％的用水和电力，而工业，建筑业和居民生活与服务业却占深圳90％以上的用水和电力，与该市的产业结构相吻合。在2001年至2009年期间，农业的人均GDP用水和电力使用量是深圳三个部门中最大的，这意味着农业用水和电力使用效率低下。由于过渡到先进的材料和制造技术，2001-2009年期间，工业和建筑业人均GDP的水和电使用量均下降，并且其利用率随着时间的推移逐渐提高。对于向现代商业，创意文化，金融服务等转型的居民生活和服务业，情况也是如此。由于在争夺有限的水和电力资源方面的优胜劣汰，深圳的农业逐渐被工业，建筑业和居民生活和服务业所取代。，水和电的使用效率更高。传统农业在城市化和工业化过程中将不可持续，除了水和能源成本低的高科技集约化农业。此外，通过曲线回归，我们发现整个城市及其三个部门的人均GDP用水量与人均GDP电量之间存在明显的二次关系。适当的产业转型和发展是为现代城市节约用水和能源的非常有效的方法。这可以为城市农业，工业和建筑业以及居民生活和服务业中水，电分配和使用的系统规划设计提供参考。

General Nexus Between Water and Electricity Use and Its Implication for Urban Agricultural Sustainability:A Case Study of Shenzhen, South China

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