In this paper, RAPD technique was used to analyze 6 varieties of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. Fifteen effective primers with 10 bp selected from 100 random primers. By amplification of 130 DNA fragment clips ranging 100 -3 000 bp, 110 bands were found polymophic, accounting for 84. 615%. UPGMA cluster analysis of POPGEN32 program indica- ted that Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. had evident variance at DNA level, with the maximum genetic distance of 0. 106, existing between purple-skin and no-rod varieties, and minimum of O. 043 1, existing between broad-leaf and narrow-leaf varieties.%为了证明白术不同性状在DNA水平上存在差异，利用RAPD标记对白术6个性状进行多态性分析。从100个随机引物中筛选出15个10bp多态性好的随机引物，通过扩增共得到130个DNA片段，片段大小为100～3000bp，其中多态性谱带为110条，占84．615％，表现出丰富的RAPD多态性。根据遗传距离，利用UPGMA构建遗传关系聚类图。实验表明：白术各性状在DNA水平上存在明显差异，遗传距离最大的是0．1066，存在于紫皮与无杆之间，最小为0．0431，存在于宽叶与窄叶之间。
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