海岸带是海陆之间的过渡区域,是人类活动和经济发展较为活跃的地区.海岸线时空演变研究对海岸带资源开发与保护有重要意义,但国内外对三沙湾海岸线时空演变研究较少.本文基于25a的卫星遥感资料,解译出4个时相的三沙湾海岸线,定量分析海岸线变化趋势,并研究海岸线演变的主要因素.研究表明,25a的三沙湾海岸线总体长度呈增长趋势:1988—1996年岸线总长度变化不大;2003年较1996年增加约6 947 m、增长约11.5％;2003—2013年岸线总长度增加较为明显,2013年较2003年增加约24 128m、增长约39.6％,其增速约为1996—2003的3.4倍.砂质岸线长度基本稳定,基岩和泥质岸线长度有所减少,人工岸线在逐年增加,这主要是滩地围垦、港口建设和海岸人工改造等人为因素造成的.%The coastal zone is a transitional area between sea and land.The study of the spatial and temporal evolution of coastline is of great significance for the development and protection of coastal resources.However, there are few studies on the spatial and temporal evolution of Sansha Bay coastline at home and abroad.Based on the satellite remote sensing data in the past 25a, the authors interpreted the four-phase Sansha Bay coastline, quantitatively analyzed the trend of coastline change, and studied the main factors of the coastline evolution.The study shows that the total length of Sansha Bay coastline increased in the past 25a:from 1988to 1996, the total length of the shoreline didn't change much.In2003, the total length of the shoreline increased by about 6 947 m, 11.5％compared to 1996.In the period of 2003-2013, the total length of the shoreline increased significantly.In 2013, the total length of the shoreline increased by about 24 128m, 39.6％compared to 2003, and the growth rate is about 3.4times that of 1996-2003.The length of the sandy shoreline is basically stable, and the length of the bedrock and mud shoreline is reduced, while the artificial coastline is increasing year by year mainly caused by the factors such as the reclamation of beach land, the construction of the port, and the transformation of the coastal man workers.
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