现代分子生物学技术为蓝藻的生物多样性研究提供了更多信息和证据.单细胞蓝藻——双囊藻属 (Geminocystis) 是2009年从集胞藻 (Synechocystis) 分离出来的新属. 2017年5月从青海湖的封闭子湖——月牙湖采集分离到一株单细胞蓝藻藻株, 16S rRNA基因序列显示此藻株和双囊藻的藻种显示出最高的相似性, 都在97％以上, 并且在分子系统树聚为一束.此株的细胞结构以及超微结构显示, 细胞纵轴具有窝式结构以及类囊体不规则的排列等双囊藻属所具有的特征.双囊藻是我国蓝藻的新报道纪录属, 本研究还对双囊藻的分类和生态进行了讨论.%Modern molecular biological technology has provided much information and evidence for cyanobacterial diversity. Unicellular cyanobacterial genus Geminocystis was established in 2009 by separating from Synechocystis. In this study, a cyanobacterial strain was isolated in May 2017 from Lake Yueya—a small and enclosed lake close to the Lake Qinghai. This strain shows the close similarities of 16 S rRNA gene sequences to the strains of Geminocystis as over 97％, and group with the strains into a cluster in the phylogenetic tree. The keritomized content and irregular arrangement of thylakoid in cells of this strain represent the unique features of the Geminocystis genus. The Geminocystis genus is firstly reported in China, and its taxonomic and ecological notes are discussion in this study.
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