This test has studied the influence of natural bentonite on the adsorption and desorption characteristic of Cd2+、Zn2+、 Cu2+and Pb2+. The result shows that the adsorption isotherm of natural bentonite to Cd2+、 Zn2+、 Cu2+and Pb2+are conformed to the Langmuir equation, the Freundlich equation and the Temkin equation. As for natural zeolite, the correlation coefficients of Freundlich equation is the highest. The adsorptive capacity order of four kinds of heavy metals on bentonite is Pb2+>Cu2+>Zn2+>Cd2+. The desorptive ratio order of four kinds of heavy metals on bentonite is Cd2+>Zn2+>Cu2+≈Pb2+.%通过室内间歇震荡平衡法研究了膨润土对重金属离子Cd2+、 Zn2+、 Cu2+、 Pb2+的吸附及解吸特性。结果表明：膨润土对4种重金属离子Cd2+、 Zn2+、 Cu2+、 Pb2+的等温吸附曲线可用Freundlich方程、 Langmuir方程和Temkin方程拟合，其中Freundlich方程的相关系数最高，在0.981~0.994之间。膨润土对供试重金属离子吸附量的顺序依次为Pb2+＞Cu2+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+。膨润土对供试重金属离子解吸率的顺序依次为Cd2+＞Zn2+＞Cu2+≈Pb2+。
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