This paper discusses the definition, security and cryptographic application of one-way function, involving symmetrical key cryptography algorithms, message digest algorithms and public key cryptography algorithms, and illuminates the basic idea of cryptosystem: if a one-way function with strong security is constructed, a cryptosystem with strong security can be designed on the basis of the constructed one-way function.%文章讨论了单向函数的定义、安全性要求以及单向函数在密码学中的应用,涉及对称钥密码算法、报文算法及公开钥密码算法,进一步阐明了密码系统的基本思想:只要构造出足够安全的单向函数,就可以以之为基础构造足够安全的密码系统.
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