针对稳定的感应电机无速度传感器转子磁链观测器和转速自适应律难以设计的问题,研究了基于转子反电动势矢量误差、位于观测转子磁链矢量定向的同步坐标系上的自适应降阶观测器.对降阶观测器和转速自适应律的结构进行了分析,通过合理设置二者的收敛速度,实现了转子磁链观测与转速估计的解耦,简化了转速自适应律的形式和降阶观测器的稳定性分析;同时结合小信号分析,提出了降阶观测器的稳定增益整定方法;在基于DSP的数字控制平台上搭建了感应电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统并进行了实验.研究结果表明:自适应降阶观测器可以在较大的速度范围内稳定运行,且具有良好的动态、稳态和抗扰性能.%Aimed at reducing the difficulty of designing stable rotor flux observer and speed adaption law for speed-sensorless in-duction machine drive, adaptive reduced-order observer which was implemented in estimated rotor-flux-oriented synchronous coor-dinates and based on error of rotor back-electromotive force vector was studied. The structures of the reduced-order observer and the peed adaption law were analyzed, and the rates of convergence of them were set reasonably, which made rotor flux observation ndependent of estimated speed. The implementation of speed adaption law and the stability analysis of the reduced-order observer were also simplified. Small signal analysis was utilized to provide a method for tuning stable gains of the reduced-order observer. A peed-sensorless IM vector control system was established on the digital control platform with a DSP and experiments were carried out. The results indicate that the reduced-order observer is stable in a wide range of speed, and has good steady-state, dynamic and nti-disturbance performance.
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