在封建社会,士作为一个特殊的社会阶层,他们在中国历史发展的进程中起着不可估量的作用。当然,随着社会政局、经济状况、文化思潮的变化,士人的心态也发生了明显的变化。笔者认为,由于东汉末期政治腐败黑暗、卖官鬻爵成风、自然灾害频发、外族不断寇边,士人的心态也由一心追求功名、汲汲富贵变为参政热情骤然锐减、人生价值的冷静反思、亲情爱情的格外珍重。本文以《古诗十九首》为例,对秦汉时期士人心态的变化进行深入分析,以便深刻理解士人的精神世界和情感历程。%In feudal society,as a special social class,scholars played an immeasurable role in the course of the historical development of Chinese society.With the change of political situation,economic status,cultural and ideological trend,scholars＇ mentality changed significantly.The author believes that,due to the corruption and darkness in politics,the common practice of selling ranks and titles,the frequent natural disasters and the constant invasion of other nationalities in the late Eastern Han Dynasty,scholars＇ mentality changed from the pursuit of scholarly honor or official rank and wealth to the sharp decrease of political participation,the sober reflection of life value and the high esteem of family love.Based on the interpretation of Nineteen Ancient Poems,this paper analyzes the change of scholars＇ mentality of Qin and Han Dynasty in order to deeply understand their spiritual world and emotional experience.
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