目的：研究嗜水气单胞菌临床感染现状及其主要致病因子 Aer 气胞溶素基因的存在形式。方法收集深圳市人民医院龙华分院2012年～2013年间临床分离到的嗜水气单胞菌，VITEK 2 compact 对其进行鉴定与抗生素药物敏感性试验。数据录入 WHONET5.6软件进行临床分布与耐药率分析。提取染色体与质粒基因组，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法检测毒力基因 Aer 气胞溶素的存在形式。结果临床共分离到48株嗜水气单胞菌，分布于临床标本痰液16株、血液11株、分泌物10株、尿液7株与粪便4株。病区分布分散化，无集中趋势。耐药率显示对氨苄西林、氨苄西林／舒巴坦与头孢唑啉耐药率达80％以上，而对阿米卡星、头孢吡肟、左旋氧氟沙星、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦与亚胺培南处于10％以下的低水平。43.7％菌株携带 Aer 基因，位于染色体基因组。结论嗜水气单胞菌临床感染散发，多数染色体基因组携带毒力因子Aer 气胞溶素基因。对青霉素类，一代头孢类耐药严重，对广谱类药物保持敏感性。嗜水气单胞菌作为地区性重要条件致病菌，防范其耐药菌株扩散具有一定意义。%Objective To study Aeromonas hydrophila infection and the clinical status of the major causative factor Aerolysin gene.Methods Clinical isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila was collected from 2012 to 2013 year in People’s Hospital of Shenzhen Longhua Branch.Its identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing was analyzed by VITEK 2 compact.Clinical resistance rates and distribution was analyzed by WHONET5.6 software.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was used to de-tect the Aerolysin gene form in chromosomes and plasmids extracted genome.Results The clinical total of 48 isolated Aero-monas hydrophila ,distributed in 16 clinical samples of sputum,blood 11,10 secretions,urine 7 and stool 4.Distribution in ward decentralized,the central tendency was not detected.Drug resistance rates to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam and ce-fazolin reached more than 80%,while amikacin,cefepime,levofloxacin,piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem was low 10%or less.43.7% strains carried the Aerolysin gene.39.5% of Aerolysin gene was found on chromosome genome.Conclusion Aeromonas hydrophila clinical infection existed in dispersed form,most of which carried Aerolysin gene in chromosome ge-nome.Aeromonas hydrophila had serious resistance to penicillins and first generation cephalosporin,but to broad-spectrum drugs maintaining high sensitivity.Precaution of Aeromonas hydrophila ,as an important condition pathogenic bacteria,is some significant for preventing it’s proliferation of drug-resistant strains.
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