A rapid increase in wage income directly led cataclysmic changes in the structure of rural income. The research results showed that human capital investment on agricultural management income and wage income was affected, but a greater impact on wage income. On this basis,we analysed the influence of rural human capital investment to income structure of rural residents. Changes in the structure of rural residents' income would promote evolution of urban and rural structures.%农村居民工资性收入的快速增加直接激变农村收入结构的变化。通过中西部地区农村人力资本投资对农村居民工资性收入和家庭经营收入的影响研究，结果显示，农村人力资本投资对农村居民工资性收入和家庭经营收入都存在正向影响，但对工资性收入的影响更大。在此基础上，进一步分析农村人力资本投资对农村居民收入结构演变的影响。农村居民收入结构演化将会推动城乡二元结构的演变。
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