Objective To understand the situation of reserve drugs,medical devices and portable medical kits of rural households in service areas of basic township health centers in economically underdeveloped areas, and to provide a reference for the design of portable medicine kits suitable for rural residents. Methods The methods of simple random and cluster sampling were used to investigate and analyze the situation of commonly used drugs,medical devices and storages of 139 rural households from 3 basic township health hospitals in Hebei,Jiangxi and Gansu provinces, respectively. Results The storage rates of commonly used drugs of rural households werecold medicine (63. 3%) ,wound paste (40. 3%) .essential balm (36. 7%) ,cooling oil (36. 0%) ,an-tihypertensive (23. 0%), iodine tincture (18. 0%), diabetes drugs (2, 2%) and other drugs (24.5%). The storage rates of medical devices were thermometer (44. 6%), cotton swab (39. 6%),sphygmomanometer (8. 6%), injector (7. 2%) and other devices (16. 5%). A total of 48. 9% of families stored drugs and medical devices in fixed drawers. Only 4. 3% of families stored drugs and medical devices in special portable medical kits. Conclusion Rural families have a higher storage rate of household drugs in service areas of basic township health hospitals,and most drugs are non-prescription drugs. The storage rates of medical devices are not high. Only few rural households have portable medical kits. A lot of rural families place drugs and medical devices randomly. It may be a hidden danger of irrational drug use. Therefore,the education and self-management of drug utilization must be strengthened and storage rates of portable medical kits should be increased to gradually improve irrational drug utilization in rural households.%目的 了解基本型乡镇卫生院辖区居民家庭所备存的药物、医药器械及便携式药包情况,为设计适合农村居民使用的便携药包提供参考.方法 采用单纯随机抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法,对河北、江西与甘肃3个基本型卫生院所辖139户居民的家庭常用药品与药械配备及放置情况进行了调查与分析.结果 基本型乡镇居民家庭常用药物的配备率依次为:感冒药最高为63.3％、创口贴40.3％、风油精36.7％、清凉油36.0％、高血压用药23.0％、碘酊18.0％、糖尿病用药2.2％、其他24.5％.家庭常用药械的配备率依次为:体温计最高为44.6％、棉签39.6％、血压计8.6％、注射器7.2％、其他16.5％.家庭常用药品及药械主要存放在固定抽屉达48.9％,只有4.3％的家庭拥有特定的放置药品与药械的便携式药包.结论 基本型卫生院辖区农村居民家庭药品配备率较高,且多数为非处方药；家庭医用器械配备率不高,家庭便携式药包配备率极低,药品与医用器械存放的随意性较大,可能成为不合理用药的隐患.宜加强农民家庭自备药使用的教育与管理,提高便携式药包配备率,逐步改善家庭不合理用药.
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